BASIC TERMINOLOGY


COMPUTER: It is an electronic device. It has memory and it performs arithmetic
          and logical operations.

INPUT: The data entering to the computer is known as input.

OUTPUT: The result and information by the computer is known as "output".

PROGRAM: Program is a sequence of instructions to solve the given problem.

SOFTWARE: A group of programs to operate and control operations of the computer.

HARDWARE: All the physical components or units connected to the computer
          circuit is known as "HARDWARE".

OPERATING SYSTEM: It is an interface between user and computer.
or
Operating system is the complex set of the program which manages the resources of the computer resources include input, output, processor etc.

LANGUAGES: It consists a set of executable instructions.


PACKAGES: It is design by any other languages with limited resources.

CLASSIFICATION OF PROGRAMMING LANGUAGE

Programming language can be classified two types. They are

          1) low level language
          2) high level language

      1.     LOW LEVEL LANGUAGE:

       A low level language is called assembly language. It has some simple instructions. These instructions are not binary codes. But the computer can understand only the machine language.
Hence a convertor or translator is developed to translate the low level
language. This translator is called "ASSEMBLER".

      2.     HIGH LEVEL LANGUAGE:
          These are more english language and hence the programmer found then
  very easily to learn.To convert the programs in high level language
  to machine language compilers and interpreters are used.

TRANSLATORS:  There are three types are translators available for the languages. They are:

1) assmembler
2) compiler
3) interpreter

1) ASSEMBELER:
          This translator is used convert the programs written in the low
  level languages(assembly) in to machine languages.

2) COMPILER:
          Compilers are used to convert high level languages into machine
  languages. It checks for errors in the entire program and converts
  the program into machine languages.

3) INTERPRETER:
          It is also used convert high level languages into machine language.
  It checks for errors statement by statement and converts the statement
  into machine language.